Uterine Synechia Revealing Endometrial Tuberculosis : A Case Report and Literature Review

Herilalao Elisabeth Razafindrafara, Vahatra Joëlle Razafimahefa, Zinambatosoa Andrianina Andriambelo, Tsitohery Francine Andriamampionona

Abstract


Introduction : Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis that predominantly affects women of reproductive age. It is frequently underdiagnosed because of its nonspecific clinical presentation and may result in infertility, menstrual disorders, and endometrial damage, including intrauterine adhesions.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with no significant past medical history who underwent endometrial curettage following the diagnosis of uterine synechia. Histopathological examination revealed endometrial glands compressed within a fibrotic stroma containing epithelioid granulomas and Langhans-type multinucleated giant cells without caseous necrosis. These findings were highly suggestive of follicular endometrial tuberculosis.
Conclusion: Endometrial tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained uterine synechia, particularly in tuberculosis-endemic regions. Histopathological examination remains a key diagnostic tool and contributes to early therapeutic management.

Keywords


Endometrium ; Female genital tuberculosis ; Granuloma ; Infertility ; Uterine synechia.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v58.1.8392

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