Amélioration Du Système D’assainissement D’une Zone Aménagée : Cas De La Commune De Kintambo Dans Ville De Kinshasa

Abstract

The Kintambo municipality, located in the city of Kinshasa, is facing a progressive deterioration of its sanitation system inherited from the colonial period. Population growth, rapid urbanization, and insufficient maintenance operations have contributed to the degradation of existing infrastructure, leading to wastewater stagnation, recurrent flooding, and the spread of waterborne diseases. This study aims to assess the condition of the municipality’s sanitation network and evaluate the level of pollution in the wastewater flowing through the drains of the Wenze neighborhood. The methodology is based on documentary research, field surveys, direct observations, physicochemical and bacteriological analyses, as well as the use of digital mapping tools. The results reveal severe degradation of sanitation facilities, frequent obstruction of drains by solid waste, and poor water drainage. Physicochemical analyses show high concentrations of suspended matter, COD, BOD₅, phosphorus, sodium, and chlorides, exceeding reference values. Bacteriological analyses highlight significant contamination by Escherichia coli, indicating substantial fecal pollution. These findings confirm the existence of high sanitary and environmental risks for the surrounding populations. The study recommends the rehabilitation of existing infrastructure, improvement of wastewater and solid waste management, and the strengthening of awareness and governance actions in urban sanitation.