In Vitro Conservation of Titan Arum (Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.))

Winda Purnama Sari, Yusniwati Yusniwati Yusniwati, Putri Salsa Afifah

Abstract


Titan arum (Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.)) was an endangered and endemic flora from the island of Sumatra, facing a significant risk of extinction. Conservation efforts for titan arum had been undertaken, including in vitro conservation through tissue culture. This study aimed to determine the appropriate concentration of paclobutrazol and MS media dose to achieve slow shoot growth in titan arum to support medium-term storage. The research was conducted from August to October 2024 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Andalas University. The experiment was arranged in a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of two factors: the concentration of the growth inhibitor Paclobutrazol (PBZ) (0.0 ppm; 3.0 ppm; 5.0 ppm) and MS media doses (Full MS, ½ MS, ¼ MS). Data analysis was performed using an F-test at a 5% significance level. If the F-test showed significant differences, further testing was carried out using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a 5% significance level. The results showed that various concentrations of PBZ could suppress shoot growth in Amorphophallus titanum Becc., with the percentage of explants forming shoots reaching 100%. The concentration of 5.0 ppm PBZ and full-dose MS was the most effective in inhibiting shoot growth of titan arum, with an average shoot height of 1.5 cm and the highest number of shoots observed at concentrations of 0 ppm and 3.0 ppm across all MS media doses. This research was crucial for the conservation of titan arum and encourages further studies on in vitro culture techniques.


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v49.1.6989

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