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Major Pests And Diseases Of Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) And Nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans Houtt.) In The Dusung Agroforestry System Of South Buru Regency, Maluku, Indonesia
Abstract
Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) are important plantation crops cultivated in the traditional dusung agroforestry system in Maluku, Indonesia. This study aimed to document cultivation practices and assess damage intensity (DI) and the percentage of trees attacked (P) by major pests and diseases in South Buru Regency. Field observations and farmer interviews were conducted in six villages across three districts selected purposively. Cultivation practices were generally not intensive, with inconsistent sanitation, limited fertilization, and variation in planting distances and planting material. In clove, stem borer infestation by Nothopeus spp. had an average DI of 41.15% and P of 47.08%, both classified as moderate. Leaf spot associated with Cylindrocladium sp. had a DI of 8.77% (mild), but P reached 52.48% (severe). In nutmeg, stem borer infestation by Batocera hercules had a DI of 9.43% and P of 2.30%. Wet fruit rot associated with Colletotrichum sp. had a DI of 1.43% and P of 6.45%, while dry fruit rot associated with Stigmina myristicae had a DI of 3.75% and P of 11.67%. Both parameters were classified as mild for all three problems in nutmeg. These findings reveal differences in damage severity and the distribution of affected trees between the two crops. The results provide baseline information for prioritizing pest and disease monitoring and management in the dusung agroforestry system of South Buru Regency.
Keywords: clove; nutmeg; pest and disease assessment; damage assessment; dusung agroforestry
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v59.2.8829
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