Valorisation De Cellulose De Bagasse De Canne À Sucre Par Sulfo-Acétylation Pour Le Développement D’un Biosorbant

Abstract

This experimental study investigates the valorization of sugarcane bagasse as a biosorbent for the removal of anionic surfactants from domestic wastewater. Cellulose extracted from bagasse was subjected to successive chemical treatments (alkaline, bleaching, acid hydrolysis, sulfo-acetylation) in order to increase the density of active functional groups. The resulting material was characterized by digital microscopy and colorimetric analysis, then tested in adsorption experiments using a commercial detergent at different concentrations. Process performance was assessed by monitoring key physicochemical parameters of the treated water (pH, conductivity, TDS, salinity, ORP) and interpreting them through multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results show that sulfo-acetylated cellulose significantly reduces the surfactant load and globally improves water quality. For detergent concentrations ≤ 0.3%, the main parameters remain within WHO guideline values, whereas above this threshold the increase in conductivity and TDS indicates progressive saturation of the material. MANOVA reveals an overall significant effect of adsorbent bed thickness on the joint evolution of the measured parameters. These findings indicate that sulfo-acetylated bagasse cellulose is a promising, locally available biosorbent for low-cost treatment of domestic wastewater in low-resource settings, provided that the process is adapted to higher pollutant loads.