Personal Immunotherapy: A New Frontier in Cancer Treatment

Maged Naser, Mohamed M. Nasr, Lamia H. Shehata

Abstract


Cancer immunotherapy covers tests and approved treatments. It taps the body's defenses to fight tumors. Labs explore new methods and animal models. Clinics use drugs like immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This review covers how it works, and main methods. It notes patient uses and lab gains. Anticancer defenses rely on active dendritic cells, T cells priming, and immune surveillance. Tumors fight back with evasion tricks. Key methods include cancer vaccines, tumor-killing viruses, cell transfer, and ICIs. Nano-tools, cytokines, chemokines, and boosters sharpen these treatments. Mixes with radiation or chemo add power. They need care to cut side effects. New factors shape results. Tumor variety, gut microbes, gene shifts, and epi changes play roles. The review checks immune hides and drug blocks. Noncoding RNAs and epi shifts cause issues. New fixes target them. Biomarkers guide better outcomes. Problems stand out. Toxicity hurts. Solid tumors resist. Making drugs limits use. Future work eyes personal meds and smart delivery. These boost power and reach. The review builds knowledge for better, accessible treatments. 

Keywords


Cancer immunotherapy, Tumor microenvironment remodeling, Immune evasion, Clinic and lab work, Biomarkers

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v57.1.8060

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