The Effect of Various Ca2+ Elicitor Concentrations on Catechin Content in Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) Callus In Vitro

Ummi Hajra Dias, Aprizal Zainal, Yusniwati Yusniwati

Abstract


Gambier (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.) is a plant that contains natural antioxidants produced from the extraction of leaves and twigs. Gambier extract primarily contains catechins, which are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoid group. The low content of catechin produced from traditional gambier cultivation has led to a decline in the economic value of gambier plants. Additionally, the long metabolic process of gambier in producing catechin results in low levels of catechin compounds in young plants. One effort to increase the content of catechin in young gambier plants is through elicitation of gambier callus. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentration of Ca2+ elicitor in increasing the catechin content of gambier callus. This research was conducted from March to July 2024 at the Tissue Culture Laboratory, Universitas Andalas, and Vahana Scientific Laboratory, Padang. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Ca2+ elicitor treatments (0, 44, 88, and 176 g/L). Quantitative data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of Ca2+ elicitor was not sufficient to induce catechin compounds in gambier callus, and there were several unidentified metabolites in the callus that did not match the catechin standards used. However, the 88 g/L treatment yielded a higher amount of metabolites compared to other treatments, as shown by the total peak area obtained from HPLC analysis, which is suspected to be catechin derivatives.

Keywords


Callus, Catechin, Elicitation, Elicitor, Secondary Metabolite

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v50.2.7193

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